PermutationGroupExamples¶
permgrps.spad line 1007 [edit on github]
PermutationGroupExamples provides permutation groups for some classes of groups: symmetric, alternating, dihedral, cyclic, direct products of cyclic, which are in fact the finite abelian groups of symmetric groups called Young subgroups. Furthermore, Rubik's
group as permutation group of 48 integers and a list of sporadic simple groups derived from the atlas of finite groups.
- abelianGroup: List PositiveInteger -> PermutationGroup Integer
abelianGroup([n1, ..., nk])
constructs the abelian group that is the direct product of cyclic groups with order *ni
*.
- alternatingGroup: List Integer -> PermutationGroup Integer
alternatingGroup(li)
constructs the alternating group acting on the integers in the list ``li``*, generators are in general the *n-2-cycle (``li``.3, …, ``li``.n) and the 3-cycle (``li``.1, ``li``.2, ``li``.3), ifn
is odd and product of the 2-cycle (``li``.1, ``li``.2) with n-2-cycle (``li``.3, …, ``li``.n) and the 3-cycle (``li``.1, ``li``.2, ``li``.3), ifn
is even. Note: duplicates in the list will be removed.
- alternatingGroup: PositiveInteger -> PermutationGroup Integer
alternatingGroup(n)
constructs the alternating group An acting on the integers 1, …,n
, generators are in general the n-2-cycle (3, …, n) and the 3-cycle (1, 2, 3) ifn
is odd and the product of the 2-cycle (1, 2) with n-2-cycle (3, …, n) and the 3-cycle (1, 2, 3) ifn
is even.
- cyclicGroup: List Integer -> PermutationGroup Integer
cyclicGroup([i1, ..., ik])
constructs the cyclic group of orderk
acting on the integers i1, …, ik. Note: duplicates in the list will be removed.
- cyclicGroup: PositiveInteger -> PermutationGroup Integer
cyclicGroup(n)
constructs the cyclic group of ordern
acting on the integers 1, …,n
.
- dihedralGroup: List Integer -> PermutationGroup Integer
dihedralGroup([i1, ..., ik])
constructs the dihedral group of order 2k acting on the integers out of i1, …, ik. Note: duplicates in the list will be removed.
- dihedralGroup: PositiveInteger -> PermutationGroup Integer
dihedralGroup(n)
constructs the dihedral group of order 2n acting on integers 1, …,N
.
- janko2: () -> PermutationGroup Integer
janko2 constructs
the janko group acting on the integers 1, …, 100.
- janko2: List Integer -> PermutationGroup Integer
janko2(li)
constructs the janko group acting on the 100 integers given in the list *li
*. Note: duplicates in the list will be removed. Error: if *li
* has less or more than 100 different entries
- mathieu11: () -> PermutationGroup Integer
mathieu11 constructs
the mathieu group acting on the integers 1, …, 11.
- mathieu11: List Integer -> PermutationGroup Integer
mathieu11(li)
constructs the mathieu group acting on the 11 integers given in the list *li
*. Note: duplicates in the list will be removed. error, if *li
* has less or more than 11 different entries.
- mathieu12: () -> PermutationGroup Integer
mathieu12 constructs
the mathieu group acting on the integers 1, …, 12.
- mathieu12: List Integer -> PermutationGroup Integer
mathieu12(li)
constructs the mathieu group acting on the 12 integers given in the list *li
*. Note: duplicates in the list will be removed Error: if *li
* has less or more than 12 different entries.
- mathieu22: () -> PermutationGroup Integer
mathieu22 constructs
the mathieu group acting on the integers 1, …, 22.
- mathieu22: List Integer -> PermutationGroup Integer
mathieu22(li)
constructs the mathieu group acting on the 22 integers given in the list *li
*. Note: duplicates in the list will be removed. Error: if *li
* has less or more than 22 different entries.
- mathieu23: () -> PermutationGroup Integer
mathieu23 constructs
the mathieu group acting on the integers 1, …, 23.
- mathieu23: List Integer -> PermutationGroup Integer
mathieu23(li)
constructs the mathieu group acting on the 23 integers given in the list *li
*. Note: duplicates in the list will be removed. Error: if *li
* has less or more than 23 different entries.
- mathieu24: () -> PermutationGroup Integer
mathieu24 constructs
the mathieu group acting on the integers 1, …, 24.
- mathieu24: List Integer -> PermutationGroup Integer
mathieu24(li)
constructs the mathieu group acting on the 24 integers given in the list *li
*. Note: duplicates in the list will be removed. Error: if *li
* has less or more than 24 different entries.
- rubiksGroup: () -> PermutationGroup Integer
rubiksGroup constructs
the permutation group representing Rubic's
Cube acting on integers 10*i+j for 1 <= i <= 6, 1 <= j <= 8. The faces of Rubik's
Cube are labelled in the obvious way Front, Right, Up, Down, Left, Back and numbered from 1 to 6 in this given ordering, the pieces on each face (except the unmoveable center piece) are clockwise numbered from 1 to 8 starting with the piece in the upper left corner. The moves of the cube are represented as permutations on these pieces, represented as a two digit integer ij wherei
is the numer of theface (1 to 6) andj
is the number of the piece on this face. The remaining ambiguities are resolved by looking at the 6 generators, which represent a 90 degree turns of the faces, or from the following pictorial description. Permutation group representing Rubic's
Cube acting on integers 10*i+j for 1<=
i
<=
6, 1<=
j
<=8
. begin{verbatim}Rubik’s Cube: +—–+ +– B where: marks Side # : / U /|/ / / | F(ront) <-> 1 L --> +-----+ R| R(ight) <-> 2 | | + U(p) <-> 3 | F | / D(own) <-> 4 | |/ L(eft) <-> 5 +-----+ B(ack) <-> 6 ^ | DThe Cube's surface: The pieces on each side +---+ (except the unmoveable center |567| piece) are clockwise numbered |4U8| from 1 to 8 starting with the |321| piece in the upper left +—+—+—+ corner (see figure on the |781|123|345| left). The moves of the cube |6L2|8F4|2R6| are represented as |543|765|187| permutations on these pieces. +—+—+—+ Each of the pieces is |123| represented as a two digit |8D4| integer ij where i is the |765| # of the side ( 1 to 6 for +—+ F to B (see table above )) |567| and j is the # of the piece. |4B8| |321| +—+end{verbatim}
- symmetricGroup: List Integer -> PermutationGroup Integer
symmetricGroup(li)
constructs the symmetric group acting on the integers in the list ``li``*, generators are the cycle given by *``li``* and the 2-cycle *(``li``.1, ``li``.2). Note: duplicates in the list will be removed.
- symmetricGroup: PositiveInteger -> PermutationGroup Integer
symmetricGroup(n)
constructs the symmetric group Sn acting on the integers 1, …,n
, generators are the n-cycle (1, …, n) and the 2-cycle (1, 2).
- youngGroup: List Integer -> PermutationGroup Integer
youngGroup([n1, ..., nk])
constructs the direct product of the symmetric groups Sn1, …, Snk.
- youngGroup: Partition -> PermutationGroup Integer
youngGroup(lambda)
constructs the direct product of the symmetric groups given by the parts of the partition lambda.